In der Zeit zwischen 1991 und 1999 haben 621 Frauen einen Fragebogen
der HERS-Stiftung über die schädlichen Auswirkungen und
Komplikationsfolgen einer Hysterektomie beantwortet, den die HERS(-Stiftung)
selbst verfasst hat. Frauen aus den USA und anderen Ländern
waren zur Zeit der Umfrage im Alter zwischen 15 und 65 Jahren und
hatten eine Hysterektomie-Operation hinter sich, die zwischen weniger
als einem Jahr und bis zu 33 Jahren vor dem Umfragezeitpunkt zurück
lag. Die meisten Frauen (73,9 %) hatten Kinder. Die Fragebögen
zeigen ein umfassendes Bild des Umfangs negativer Auswirkungen der
Operation unmittelbar auf die Frauen selber, ihre nächste Umgebung
und die Gesellschaft.
Tabelle 1
Antworten von Frauen nach einer
Hysterektomie mit einer oder ohne eine
Eierstockentfernung
(621 Frauen).
|
|
77.9%
|
Persönlichkeitsveränderung |
|
77.5%
|
Energieverlust |
|
77.1%
|
Reizbarkeit |
|
76.0%
|
totale Müdigkeit |
|
74.9%
|
Libidoverlust |
|
70.2%
|
keine Wiederaufnahme einer Hausbeschäftigung |
|
69.6%
|
Vitalitätsverlust |
|
67.8%
|
interpersonelle Schwierigkeiten |
|
66.8%
|
soziale Schwierigkeiten |
|
66.7%
|
Verlust des Kurzzeitgedächtnisses |
|
65.7%
|
Lustlosigkeit beim Geschlechtsverkehr |
|
65.7%
|
Lustlosigkeit beim Vorspiel |
|
63.1%
|
Schwierigkeiten sich an einen Namen zu erinnern |
|
62.8%
|
Verlust von Einfühlungsvermögen |
|
60.7%
|
verringerte Vaginalfeuchte |
|
59.7%
|
Knochen- und Gelenksschmerzen |
|
59.4%
|
keine Wiederaufnahme einer Berufstätigkeit |
|
59.3%
|
Orgasmusverlust |
|
58.6%
|
Muskelschmerzen |
|
58.0%
|
Verlust von Vaginalgefühl |
|
57.8%
|
Selbstmordgedanken |
|
54.3%
|
Steifheit |
|
54.1%
|
Rückenschmerzen |
|
53.1%
|
schmerzhafter Geschlechtsverkehr |
|
52.8%
|
??? |
|
52.5%
|
verringerte Sensibilität der Klitoris |
|
46.2%
|
Pain with intercourse |
|
43.5%
|
Sensibilitätsverlust der Schamlippen |
|
43.2%
|
verringerte Sensibilität der Klitoris |
|
43.0%
|
keine Berufsaufnahme |
|
41.1%
|
häufiges Wasserlassen |
|
39.9%
|
Verstopfung |
|
39.9%
|
Unable to return to previous level of employment |
|
39.5%
|
Vaginal dryness and burning |
|
39.0%
|
Diminished or loss of maternal feelings |
|
33.0%
|
Difficulty walking up stairs |
|
32.0%
|
Unable to maintain job equivalent |
|
31.4%
|
Pelvic pain |
|
30.8%
|
Incontinence |
|
29.8%
|
Vaginal itching |
|
28.7%
|
Pain that runs down buttocks |
|
27.5%
|
Pain that runs down the back of the leg |
|
27.2%
|
Vaginal pain |
|
27.2%
|
Loss of nipple sensation |
|
27.2%
|
Deep vaginal pain |
|
25.3%
|
Increased vaginal odor |
|
24.8%
|
Difficulty sitting |
|
24.0%
|
Arthritis |
|
23.7%
|
Bladder infection |
|
22.9%
|
Increased underarm odor |
|
21.7%
|
Difficulty walking down stairs |
|
21.7%
|
Vaginal infection |
|
21.4%
|
Labia itching |
|
21.3%
|
Tingling in arms |
|
20.6%
|
Loss of long term memory |
|
20.3%
|
Tingling in legs |
|
19.6%
|
Numbness in hands |
|
19.0%
|
Tingling in feet |
|
19.0%
|
Thin stream of urine |
|
18.5%
|
Numbness in legs |
|
17.7%
|
Altered vaginal odor |
|
16.9%
|
Loss of sensation in legs |
|
16.9%
|
Numbness in arms |
|
16.7%
|
Pain in clitoris |
|
16.4%
|
Diarrhea |
|
16.4%
|
Burning with urination |
|
15.3%
|
Pain in sternum |
|
15.1%
|
Urinary retention |
|
14.3%
|
Decreased tactile sensation |
|
13.5%
|
Altered underarm odor |
|
12.6%
|
Electrical impulses in vagina |
|
12.2%
|
Numbness in feet |
|
11.3%
|
Bowel obstruction |
|
10.1%
|
Loss of sensation in toes |
|
9.3%
|
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome |
|
9.2%
|
Decreased vaginal odor |
|
8.1%
|
Urinary fistula |
|
7.6%
|
Fibromyalgia |
|
7.4%
|
Decreased underarm odor |
|
6.6%
|
Kidney infection |
|
6.4%
|
Attempted suicide |
|
5.0%
|
Bladder Prolapse |
|
4.2%
|
Vaginal prolapse |
|
4.0%
|
Fibrositis |
|
3.5%
|
Rectal prolapse |
|
1.6%
|
Prolonged vaginal bleeding |
|
1.3%
|
Rectovaginal fistula |
|
0.8%
|
Osteoporotic fracture of wrist |
|
0.6%
|
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome |
|
0.3%
|
Osteoporotic fracture of spine |
|
0.2%
|
Osteoporotic facture of hip |
|
0.2%
|
Osteoporotic fracture of rib |
|
Chart 2
Hysterectomy with ovaries not
removed
Number of women = 130
|
Chart 3
Hysterectomy with one ovary
removed
Number of women = 61
|
Chart 4
Hysterectomy with both ovaries
removed
Number of women = 430
|
73.8% Persönlichkeitsveränderung |
86.9% Personality change |
77.9% Personality change |
| 68.5% interpersonelle Schwierigkeiten |
70.5% Difficulty relating to
other people |
67.2% Difficulty relating to
other people |
| 62.3% soziale Schwierigkeiten |
68.9% Difficulty socializing
|
67.9% Difficulty socializing
|
| 54.6%Verlust von Einfühlungsvermögen |
67.2% Loss of affect |
59.8% Loss of affect |
| 39.2% Minderung oder Verlust
der Mütterlichkeitsgefühle |
44.3% Diminished or loss of maternal
feelings |
38.1% Diminished or loss of maternal
feelings |
| 73.1% Reizbarkeit |
86.9% Irritability |
77.0% Irritability |
| 63.8% Vitalitätsverlust |
65.6% Loss of stamina |
71.9% Loss of stamina |
| 70.8% Energieverlust |
72.1% Loss of energy |
80.2% Loss of energy |
| 70.8% totale Müdigkeit |
73.8% Profound fatigue |
77.9% Profound fatigue |
| |
|
|
| 66.2% keine Wiederaufnahme einer
Hausbeschäftigung |
77.0% Unable to resume previous
activity at home |
70.5% Unable to resume previous
activity at home |
| 48.5% keine Wiederaufnahme einer
Berufstätigkeit |
55.7% Unable to maintain previous
activity at work |
61.2% Unable to maintain previous
activity at work |
| 36.9% keine Berufsaufnahme |
45.9% Unable to return to work
|
44.4% Unable to return to work
|
| 34.6% keine Wiederaufnahme der
vorherigen Beschäftigung |
41.0% Unable to return to previous
level of employment |
41.4% Unable to return to previous
level of employment |
| 28.5% Unfähigkeit die Arbeit
ähnlich wie gewohnt zu verrichten |
31.1% Unable to maintain equivalent
job |
33.3% Unable to maintain equivalent
job |
| |
|
|
| 68.5% Libidoverlust |
67.2% Loss of sexual desire |
77.9% Loss of sexual desire |
| 63.1% Lustlosigkeit beim Geschlechtsverkehr |
65.6% Loss of pleasure in intercourse
|
66.5% Loss of pleasure in intercourse
|
| 58.5% verminderte Frequenz von
Geschlechtsverkehr |
44.3% Diminished frequency of
intercourse |
66.7% Diminished frequency of
intercourse |
| 55.4% Sexualitätsverlust |
59.0% Loss of sexuality |
69.8% Loss of sexuality |
| 55.4% Verlust von Einfühlungsvermögen |
60.7% Loss of sensuality |
65.8% Loss of sensuality |
| 52.3% Lustlosigkeit beim Vorspiel |
59.0% Loss of pleasure in foreplay
|
63.5% Loss of pleasure in foreplay
|
| 53.8% Orgasmusverlust |
57.4% Loss of orgasm |
59.1% Loss of orgasm |
| 47.7%Sensibilitätsverlust in
der Scheide |
55.7% Loss of sensation in vagina
|
55.8% Loss of sensation in vagina
|
| 36.2% Sensibilitätsverlust
in der Klitoris |
31.1% Loss of sensation in clitoris
|
47.0% Loss of sensation in clitoris
|
| 36.2% Sensibilitätsverlust
in den Schamlippen |
39.3% Loss of sensation in labia
|
46.3% Loss of sensation in labia
|
| 20.0% Sensibilitätsverlust
in den Brustwarzen |
19.7% Loss of nipple sensation
|
30.5% Loss of nipple sensation
|
| 56.2% Verlust von Vaginalfeuchte |
49.2% Loss of lubrication |
61.6% Loss of lubrication |
| 8.5% verringertes Tastgefühl |
8.2% Decreased tactile sensation
|
17.0% Decreased tactile sensation
|
| |
|
|
| 42.3% schmerzchafter Koitus |
37.7% Pain with intercourse |
48.6% Pain with intercourse |
| 10.8% Klitorisschmerzen |
8.2% Pain in clitoris |
19.8% Pain in clitoris |
| 28.5% tiefe Vaginalschmerzen |
31.1% Deep vaginal pain |
26.3% Deep vaginal pain |
| 26.2% Vaginalschmerzen |
23.0% Vaginal pain |
28.1% Vaginal pain |
| |
|
|
| 24.6% Vaginaljuckreiz |
27.9% Vaginal itching |
31.6% Vaginal itching |
| 20.0% Vaginalinfektionen |
24.6% Vaginal infection |
21.9% Vaginal infection |
| 21.5% Schamlippen-Juckreiz |
18.0% Labia itching |
21.9% Labia itching |
| |
|
|
| 54.6% Selbstmordgedanken |
52.5% Suicidal thought |
52.8% Suicidal thought |
| 6.9% Selbstmordversuch |
4.9% Attempted suicide |
6.5% Attempted suicide |
| |
|
|
| 53.8% Verlust des Kurzzeitgedächtnisses |
59.0% Loss of short term memory
|
71.6% Loss of short term memory
|
| 45.4%Schwierigkeiten sich an einen
Namen zu erinnern |
50.8% Difficulty recalling names
|
65.3% Difficulty recalling names
|
| 20.0% Verlust des Langzeitgedächtnisses |
13.1% Loss of long term memory
|
21.9% Loss of long term memory
|
| |
|
|
| 46.9% Muskelschmerzen |
49.2% Muscle aches |
57.2% Muscle aches |
| 43.8% Knochen- und Gelenksschmerzen |
54.1% Bone & joint pain |
63.7% Bone & joint pain |
| 41.5% Rückenschmerzen |
44.3% Back pain |
57.0% Back pain |
| 8.5% Brustbeinschmerzen |
8.2% Pain in sternum |
18.4% Pain in sternum |
| 35.4% Steifheit |
42.6% Stiffness |
59.5% Stiffness |
| 21.5% Schwierigkeiten, Treppen
zu steigen |
27.9% Difficulty walking up stairs
|
37.2% Difficulty walking up stairs
|
| 12.3%Schwierigkeiten, Treppen nach
unten zu gehen |
18.0% Difficulty walking down
stairs |
25.1% Difficulty walking down
stairs |
| 24.6% Schwierigkeiten beim Sitzen |
16.4% Difficulty sitting |
26.0% Difficulty sitting |
| 16.9% elektrische Stöße
in der Scheide |
23.0% Arthritis |
26.3% Arthritis |
| 8.5% gesteigerter Schweißgeruch |
9.8% Carpal Tunnel Syndrome |
9.5% Carpal Tunnel Syndrome |
| 1.5% verminderter Schweißgeruch |
0.0% Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome |
0.5% Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome |
| 3.1% gesteigerter Scheidengeruch |
1.6% Fibromyalgia |
9.8% Fibromyalgia |
| 2.3% verminderter Scheidengeruch |
1.6% Fibrositis |
5.6% Fibrositis |
| |
|
|
| 46.2% geänderter Scheidengeruch |
42.6% Constipation |
37.7% Constipation |
| 11.5% geänderter Schweißgeruch |
14.8% Diarrhea |
18.1% Diarrhea |
| 7.7% Armkribbeln |
14.8% Bowel obstruction |
11.9% Bowel obstruction |
| |
|
|
| 35.4% Beinkribbeln |
34.4% Urinary frequency |
43.7% Urinary frequency |
| 29.2% Fußkribbeln |
24.6% Bladder infection |
21.9% Bladder infection |
| 27.7% Taubheitsgefühl in
den Händen |
31.1% Incontinence |
31.6% Incontinence |
| 16.9% Taubheitsgefühl in den
Beinen |
13.1% Burning with urination
|
16.7% Burning with urination
|
| 15.4% Taubheitsgefühl in den
Armen |
16.4% Urinary retention |
14.9% Urinary retention |
| 23.8% Taubheitsgefühl in
den Füssen |
26.2% Thin stream of urine |
16.5% Thin stream of urine |
| 6.9% Sensibilitätsverlust
in den Beinen |
8.2% Urinary fistula |
8.4% Urinary fistula |
| 1.5% Rectovaginal fistula |
3.3% Rectovaginal fistula |
0.9% Rectovaginal fistula |
| 8.5% Sensibilitätsverlust in
den Zehen |
4.9% Kidney infection |
6.3% Kidney infection |
| |
|
|
| 5.4% verlängerte vaginale Blutung |
6.6% Bladder Prolapse |
4.7% Bladder Prolapse |
| 3.1% Vaginal prolapse |
1.6% Vaginal prolapse |
4.9% Vaginal prolapse |
| 3.1% Rectal prolapse |
4.9% Rectal prolapse |
3.5% Rectal prolapse |
| |
|
|
| 24.6% Pain that runs down buttocks
|
27.9% Pain that runs down buttocks
|
30.0% Pain that runs down buttocks
|
| 23.8% Pain that runs down the
back of the leg |
26.2% Pain that runs down the
back of the leg |
28.8% Pain that runs down the
back of the leg |
| 14.6% Electrical impulses in
vagina |
11.5% Electrical impulses in
vagina |
12.1% Electrical impulses in
vagina |
| |
|
|
| 13.8% Increased underarm odor
|
32.8% Increased underarm odor
|
24.2% Increased underarm odor
|
| 5.4% Decreased underarm odor
|
4.9% Decreased underarm odor
|
8.4% Decreased underarm odor
|
| 16.2% Increased vaginal odor
|
26.2% Increased vaginal odor
|
27.9% Increased vaginal odor
|
| 6.9% Decreased vaginal odor |
9.8% Decreased vaginal odor |
9.8% Decreased vaginal odor |
| 16.2% Altered vaginal odor |
24.6% Altered vaginal odor |
17.2% Altered vaginal odor |
| 8.5% Altered underarm odor |
13.1% Altered underarm odor |
15.1% Altered underarm odor |
| |
|
|
| 16.9% Tingling in arms |
26.2% Tingling in arms |
21.9% Tingling in arms |
| 11.5% Tingling in legs |
21.3% Tingling in legs |
22.8% Tingling in legs |
| 13.1% Tingling in feet |
14.8% Tingling in feet |
21.4% Tingling in feet |
| |
|
|
| 14.6% Numbness in hands |
14.8% Numbness in hands |
21.9% Numbness in hands |
| 18.5% Numbness in legs |
16.4% Numbness in legs |
18.8% Numbness in legs |
| 12.3% Numbness in arms |
13.1% Numbness in arms |
18.8% Numbness in arms |
| 10.8% Numbness in feet |
8.2% Numbness in feet |
13.3% Numbness in feet |
| |
|
|
| 15.4% Loss of sensation in legs
|
13.1% Loss of sensation in legs
|
17.9% Loss of sensation in legs
|
| 13.1% Loss of sensation in toes
|
11.5% Loss of sensation in toes
|
9.1% Loss of sensation in toes
|
| |
|
|
| 3.1% verlängerte vaginale
Blutung |
0.0% Prolonged vaginal bleeding
|
1.4% Prolonged vaginal bleeding
|
| |
|
|
| 0.0% Hüftgelenksbruch osteoporotischer
Genese |
1.6% Osteoporotic fracture of
hip |
0.0% Osteoporotic fracture of
hip |
| 0.0% Handwurzelbruch osteoporotischer
Genese |
0.0% Osteoporotic fracture of
wrist |
1.2% Osteoporotic fracture of
wrist |
| 0.0% Wirbelsäulenbruch osteoporotischer
Genese |
0.0% Osteoporotic fracture of
spine |
0.5% Osteoporotic fracture of
spine |
| 0.0% Rippenbruch osteoporotischer
Genese |
0.0% Osteoporotic fracture of
rib |
0.2% Osteoporotic fracture of
rib |